What Type of Naval Vehicle Did the Most Damage Agains the Japanese Navy in Ww2

Yamato-class battleship

Musashi leaving Brunei in October 1944 for the Battle of Leyte Gulf, where she would ultimately be sunk past air assault
History
Japan
Name	Musashi
Namesake	Province of Musashi
Ordered	June 1937
Builder	Mitsubishi Shipyard, Nagasaki
Laid down	29 March 1938
Launched	1 November 1940
Commissioned	5 August 1942
Stricken	31 Baronial 1945[one]
Fate	Sunk during the Boxing of Leyte Gulf, 24 October 1944
General characteristics (as built)
Course and blazon	Yamato-class battleship
Displacement	63,000 long tons (64,000 t) (standard) 71,659 long tons (72,809 t) (full load)
Length	244 m (800 ft vi in) (p/p) 263 thou (862 ft 10 in) (o/a)
Beam	36.9 m (121 ft one in)
Draft	10.86 grand (35 ft viii in) (total load)
Installed ability	12 × Kanpon h2o-tube boilers 150,000 shp (110,000 kW)
Propulsion	four × propellers; 4 × steam turbines
Speed	27.5 knots (50.9 km/h; 31.vi mph)
Range	7,200 nmi (13,300 km; 8,300 mi) at sixteen knots (thirty km/h; xviii mph)
Complement	2,500
Sensors and processing systems	ane × Blazon 21 air search radar 1 × Type 0 hydrophone system
Armament	three × triple 46 cm (18 in) guns 4 × triple fifteen.5 cm (6.1 in) guns six × twin 12.seven cm (5 in) DP guns 12 × triple 2.5 cm (1 in) AA guns 2 × twin 13.ii mm (0.52 in) AA machine guns
Armour	Waterline belt: 410 mm (16.ane in) Deck: 200–230 mm (7.9–nine.1 in) Gun turrets: 250–650 mm (ix.viii–25.6 in) Barbettes: 380–560 mm (xv.0–22.0 in) Conning belfry: 500 mm (19.7 in) Bulkheads: 300–340 mm (eleven.8–thirteen.4 in)
Shipping carried	6–7 × Nakajima E8N or Nakajima E4N floatplanes
Aviation facilities	two × catapults

Musashi ( 武蔵 ), named after the one-time Japanese province,^[two] was one of 3 Yamato-form battleships^{[N one]} built for the Majestic Japanese Navy (IJN), beginning in the late 1930s. The Yamato-class ships were the heaviest and most powerfully armed battleships e'er constructed,^[iv] displacing almost 72,000 long tons (73,000 t) fully loaded and armed with nine 46-centimetre (xviii.1 in) main guns. Their secondary armament consisted of four xv.v-centimetre (6.i in) triple-gun turrets formerly used by the Mogami-course cruisers. They were equipped with half dozen or seven floatplanes to conduct reconnaissance.

Commissioned in mid-1942, Musashi was modified to serve as the flagship of the Combined Fleet, and spent the rest of the year working up. The ship was transferred to Truk in early 1943 and sortied several times that year with the fleet in unsuccessful searches for American forces. She was used to transfer forces and equipment between Japan and diverse occupied islands several times in 1944. Torpedoed in early 1944 by an American submarine, Musashi was forced to render to Nihon for repairs, during which the navy greatly augmented her anti-aircraft armament. She was nowadays during the Battle of the Philippine Ocean in June, but did non come up in contact with American surface forces. During the Battle of Leyte Gulf, Musashi was sunk by an estimated nineteen torpedo and 17 flop hits from American carrier-based aircraft on 24 October 1944. Over half of her crew was rescued. Her wreck was located in March 2015 past a team of researchers employed by Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen.

Design and description

Since the navy predictable they would be unable to produce as many ships as the United States, the Yamato-class ships with their great size and heavy armament were designed to be individually superior to American battleships.^[v] Musashi had a length of 244 metres (800 ft 6 in) betwixt perpendiculars and 263 metres (862 ft 10 in) overall. She had a beam of 36.9 metres (121 ft 1 in)^[6] and a draught of 10.86 metres (35 ft 8 in) at deep load.^[vii] She displaced 64,000 long tons (65,000 t) at standard load and 71,659 long tons (72,809 t) at deep load. Her crew consisted of ii,500 officers and ratings in 1942, and about 2,800 in 1944.^[8]

The battleship had four sets of Kampon geared steam turbines, each of which drove one propeller shaft. The turbines were designed to produce a full of 150,000 shaft horsepower (110,000 kW), using steam provided by 12 Kampon h2o-tube boilers, to give her a maximum speed of 27.5 knots (50.9 km/h; 31.6 mph). She had a stowage chapters of 6,300 long tons (6,400 t) of fuel oil, giving a range of 7,200 nautical miles (xiii,300 km; viii,300 mi) at a speed of xvi knots (30 km/h; eighteen mph).^[8]

Armament

Musashi, August 1942, taken from the bow

Musashi 'southward main battery consisted of 9 45-calibre 46-centimetre Type 94 guns mounted in three triple gun turrets, numbered from front to rear. The guns had a rate of fire of 1.five to 2 rounds per infinitesimal.^[six] The ship'due south secondary bombardment consisted of twelve 60-calibre 15.5-centimetre tertiary Year Blazon guns mounted in four triple turrets, one each fore and aft of the superstructure and one on each side amidships. These had become available one time the Mogami-class cruisers were rearmed with xx.three-centimetre (8.0 in) guns.^[9] Heavy anti-shipping defense force was provided by a dozen 40-calibre 127-millimetre (five in) Blazon 89 dual-purpose guns in 6 twin turrets, three on each side of the superstructure. Musashi besides carried thirty-vi 25-millimetre (1 in) Blazon 96 calorie-free anti-aircraft (AA) guns in 12 triple-gun mounts, all mounted on the superstructure.^[x] The ship was besides provided with two twin mounts for the licence-built 13.2-millimetre (0.52 in) Type 93 anti-aircraft machine guns, 1 on each side of the bridge.^[half-dozen]

While the ship was under repair in Apr 1944, the two 15.5 cm wing turrets were removed and replaced with 3 triple 25 mm gun mounts each. A total of 16 triple 25 mm mounts and twenty-five single mounts were added at that time, giving the ship a low-cal AA armament of 115 guns.^[eleven]

Armour

Correct elevation drawing of Musashi as she appeared in 1942

The ship's waterline armour belt was identical to the Yamato'southward at 410 millimetres (16.1 in) thick and angled outwards 20 degrees at the top.^[12] Below it was a strake of armour that ranged in thickness from 270 to 200 millimetres (ten.6 to seven.ix in) over the magazines and machinery spaces respectively; it tapered to a thickness of 75 millimetres (iii.0 in) at its lesser edge. The deck armour ranged in thickness from 230 to 200 millimetres (9.one to 7.9 in). The turrets were protected with an armour plate 650 millimetres (25.half dozen in) thick on the face, 250 millimetres (9.eight in) on the sides, and 270 millimetres on the roof. The barbettes of the turrets were protected past armour 560 to 280 millimetres (22.0 to 11.0 in) thick, and the turrets of the 155 mm guns were protected by fifty-millimetre (two.0 in) armour plates. The sides of the conning belfry were 500 millimetres (19.vii in) thick and it had a 200-millimetre thick roof. Underneath the magazines were 50-to-lxxx-millimetre (2.0 to 3.1 in) armour plates to protect the ship from mine damage. Musashi contained 1147 watertight compartments (1065 underneath the armour deck, 82 above) to preserve buoyancy in the event of battle impairment.^[13]

Aircraft

Musashi was fitted with two catapults on her quarterdeck and could stow up to vii floatplanes in her below-decks hangar. The send operated Mitsubishi F1M biplanes and Aichi E13A1 monoplanes and used a half dozen-tonne (five.9-long-ton), stern-mounted crane for recovery.^[xiv]

Burn control and sensors

The send was equipped with iv 15-metre (49 ft three in) rangefinders, one atop her forrad superstructure and one each in her master gun turrets, and another 10-metre (32 ft 10 in) unit of measurement atop her rear superstructure. Each fifteen.v-centimetre (6.1 in) gun turret was equipped with an 8-metre (26 ft 3 in) rangefinder. Depression-angle fire was controlled by two Blazon 98 fire-control directors mounted above the rangefinders on the superstructure. Type 94 loftier-angle directors controlled the 127 mm AA guns, with Type 95 short-range directors for the 25 mm AA guns.^[15]

Musashi was built with a Type 0 hydrophone system in her bow, usable merely while stationary or at low speed.^[16] In September 1942 a Type 21 air-search radar was installed on the roof of the 15-metre rangefinder at the meridian of the forward superstructure. Two Blazon 22 surface-search radars were installed on the frontward superstructure in July 1943. During repairs in April 1944, the Type 21 radar was replaced by a more modern version, and a Type 13 early-alert radar was fitted.^[xi]

Construction

Musashi as she appeared in mid-1944

To cope with Musashi 's corking size and weight, the construction slipway was reinforced, nearby workshops were expanded, and two floating cranes were congenital. The transport's keel was laid down on 29 March 1938 at Mitsubishi'southward Nagasaki shipyard, and was designated "Battleship No. 2". Throughout structure, a large drapery made of hemp rope weighing 408 t (450 brusk tons) prevented outsiders from viewing construction.^{[17] [18] [N ii]}

Launching the Musashi also presented problems. The ship's four-metre (13 ft 1 in) thick launch platform, made of nine 44 cm (17 in) Douglas fir planks bolted together, took two years to assemble (from keel-laying in March 1938) because of the difficulty in drilling perfectly straight commodities holes through 4m of fresh timber. The trouble of slowing and stopping the massive hull once inside the narrow Nagasaki Harbour was met past attaching 570 tonnes (560 long tons) of heavy bondage on both sides of the hull to create dragging resistance in the water. The launch was curtained past means including a citywide air-raid drill staged on the launch day to continue people inside their homes. Musashi was launched on 1 Nov 1940, coming to a stop only 1 metre (3.3 ft) in excess of the hull's expected 220 metres (720 ft) travel altitude beyond the harbour. The entry of such a big mass into the h2o caused a 120-centimetre-tall (3 ft 11 in) moving ridge, which swept the harbour and local rivers, flooding homes and capsizing small-scale fishing boats.^[20] Musashi was fitted out at nearby Sasebo, with Captain Kaoru Arima assigned as her commanding officer.^[11]

Towards the stop of fitting out, the ship's flagship facilities, including those on the bridge and in the admiral's cabins, were modified to satisfy Combined Fleet's desire to have the send equipped as the primary flagship of the commander-in-chief, as her sister Yamato was as well far along for such changes. These alterations, along with improvements in the secondary battery armour, pushed back completion and pre-handover testing of Musashi by two months, to Baronial 1942.^[21]

Service

Yamamoto'south ashes return to Japan aboard Musashi, 23 May 1943

Musashi was commissioned at Nagasaki on five August 1942, and assigned to the 1st Battleship Division together with Yamato, Nagato, and Mutsu.^[22] First 5 days later, the ship conducted machinery and aircraft-handling trials near Hashirajima. Her secondary armament of twelve 127 mm guns, 12 triple 25 mm gun mounts, and four 13.2 mm (0.52 in) anti-aircraft motorcar guns was fitted from 3–28 September 1942 at Kure, as well as a Type 21 radar. The transport was working upwardly for the remainder of the year. Arima was promoted to rear admiral on 1 November.^[11]

Musashi was assigned to the Combined Fleet, allowable by Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto, on 15 January 1943^[23] and sailed for Truk three days later on, arriving on 22 Jan. On 11 February, she replaced her sister transport Yamato as the fleet's flagship. On 3 Apr, Yamamoto left Musashi and flew to Rabaul, New Britain to personally direct "Operation I-Get", a Japanese aerial offensive in the Solomon Islands. His orders were intercepted and deciphered by Magic, and American Lockheed P-38 Lightning fighters shot downwards his aircraft and killed him in Functioning Vengeance while he was en road from New Britain to Ballale, Bougainville. On 23 April, his cremated remains were flown back to Truk and placed in his cabin on board Musashi.^[11]

On 17 May, in response to American attacks on Attu Island, Musashi—together with the carrier Hiyō, ii heavy cruisers, and nine destroyers—sortied to the northern Pacific. When no contact was made with American forces, the ships sailed to Kure on 23 May, where Yamamoto'due south ashes were taken from the vessel in preparation for a formal state funeral. Immediately subsequently, Musashi 's task force was significantly reinforced to counterattack American naval forces off Attu, but the island was captured before the force could intervene. On ix June Arima was relieved by Captain Keizō Komura. On 24 June, while beingness overhauled at Yokosuka Naval Arsenal, Musashi was visited past Emperor Hirohito and loftier-ranking naval officers. From 1 to 8 July, the ship was fitted with a pair of Blazon 22 radars at Kure.^[xi] She sailed for Truk on 30 July and arrived in that location six days subsequently, where she resumed her position as fleet flagship for Admiral Mineichi Koga.^[23]

In mid-October, in response to suspicions of planned American raids on Wake Island, Musashi led a big fleet—3 carriers, six battleships, and xi cruisers—to intercept American forces, but failed to make contact and returned to Truk on 26 October. She spent the remainder of 1943 in Truk Lagoon. Komura was promoted to rear admiral on ane Nov and transferred to the 3rd Fleet on 7 December as Primary of Staff, Helm Bunji Asakura assuming command of Musashi.^[xi]

The ship remained in Truk Lagoon until x February 1944, when she returned to Yokosuka. On 24 February, Musashi sailed for Palau, carrying one Regal Japanese Army battalion and another of Special Naval Landing Forces and their equipment. After losing near of her deck cargo during a typhoon, she arrived at Palau on 29 February and remained there for the side by side month. On 29 March, Musashi departed Palau under comprehend of darkness to avoid an expected air raid, and encountered the submarine USSTunny, which fired six torpedoes at the battleship; v of them missed, but the sixth blew a pigsty v.8 metres (19 ft) in diameter nearly the bow, flooding her with 3000 tonnes of water.^[24] The torpedo hitting killed 7 crewmen and wounded another eleven. After temporary repairs, Musashi sailed for Japan subsequently that night and arrived at Kure Naval Armory on 3 April. From 10 to 22 April, she was repaired, while her anti-shipping armament was substantially increased in the infinite freed up past the removal of the beam-mounted 6.1 inch (155-mm) triple turrets. When she undocked on 22 April, the transport's secondary battery comprised 6 15.five cm guns, twenty-four 12.7 cm guns, i hundred and thirty 25 mm guns, and four thirteen.ii mm machine guns. She also received new radars (which were still primitive compared to American equipment),^[25] and depth-accuse rails were installed on her fantail.^[11]

In May 1944, Asakura was promoted to rear admiral and Musashi departed Kure for Okinawa on ten May, then for Tawi-Tawi on 12 May. She was assigned to the 1st Mobile Fleet, under the command of Vice Admiral Jisaburō Ozawa, with her sister. On ten June, the battleships departed Tawi-Tawi for Batjan under the command of Vice Admiral Matome Ugaki, in training for Performance Kon, a planned counterattack confronting the American invasion of Biak. 2 days subsequently, when word reached Ugaki of American attacks on Saipan, his force was diverted to the Mariana Islands. After they rendezvoused with Ozawa'southward primary force on 16 June, the battleships were assigned to Vice Admiral Takeo Kurita's 2nd Fleet. During the Battle of the Philippine Bounding main, Musashi was not attacked.^{[11] [24]} Following Nippon's disastrous defeat in the battle (besides known equally the "Bully Marianas Turkey Shoot"), the 2nd Fleet returned to Nippon. On viii July, Musashi and her sister embarked 3,522 men and equipment of the Army's 106th Infantry Regiment of the 49th Infantry Division and sailed for Lingga Island, where they arrived on 17 July.^[11]

Battle of Leyte Gulf

Captain Toshihira Inoguchi relieved Asakura in control of Musashi on 12 August 1944 and was promoted to rear admiral on 15 October.^[11] Three days later, she sailed for Negara brunei darussalam Bay, Borneo, to join the main Japanese fleet in training for "Performance Sho-1", the counterattack planned against the American landings at Leyte. The Japanese plan chosen for Ozawa's carrier forces to lure the American carrier fleets north of Leyte so that Kurita's 1st Diversion Force (also known every bit the Central Force) could enter Leyte Gulf and destroy American forces landing on the island. Musashi, together with the residuum of Kurita's forcefulness, departed Brunei for the Philippines on 22 October.^[26]

The following day, the submarine USSDace torpedoed and sank the heavy cruiser Maya about Palawan. The destroyer Akishimo rescued 769 survivors and transferred them to Musashi afterward in the day.^[27]

Loss at Sibuyan Sea

On 24 October, while transiting the Sibuyan Sea, Kurita'due south ships were spotted by a reconnaissance aircraft from the fleet carrier USSIntrepid. Just over ii hours subsequently, the battleship was attacked by viii Curtiss SB2C Helldiver dive bombers from Intrepid at ten:27. One 500-pound (230 kg) flop struck the roof of Turret No. 1, failing to penetrate. Two minutes after, Musashi was struck starboard amidships by a torpedo from a Grumman TBF Avenger, also from Intrepid. The ship took on 3,000 long tons (3,000 t) of h2o and a v.5-degree list to starboard that was afterward reduced to 1 degree past counterflooding compartments on the opposite side. During this assault 2 Avengers were shot down.^[11]

An 60 minutes and a half later, some other viii Helldivers from Intrepid attacked Musashi once more. I bomb striking the upper deck and failed to detonate; another hit the port side of the deck and penetrated two decks before exploding above ane of the engine rooms. Fragments broke a steam piping in the engine room and forced its abandonment as well every bit that of the adjacent boiler room. Ability was lost to the port inboard propeller shaft and the ship's speed dropped to 22 knots (41 km/h; 25 mph). Anti-shipping fire shot downwards two Helldivers during this attack. Three minutes later on, nine Avengers attacked from both sides of the transport, scoring three torpedo hits on the port side. Ane striking abreast Turret No. 1, the second flooded a hydraulic machinery room forcing the chief turrets to switch over to auxiliary hydraulic pumps, and the third flooded some other engine room. More counterflooding reduced the listing to one degree to port, merely the degree of flooding reduced the transport's forrad freeboard past 6 feet (i.8 m). During this set on, Musashi fired sanshikidan anti-aircraft shells from her master armament; i shell detonated in the middle gun of Turret No. 1, possibly because of a bomb fragment in the butt, and wrecked the turret's elevating machinery.^[11]

Musashi downwards past the bow after the air attacks, before long before her sinking

At 13:31, the ship was attacked by 29 aircraft from the fleet carriers Essex and Lexington. Ii Grumman F6F Hellcat fighters strafed the ship's deck and Helldivers scored four more flop hits almost her forward turrets. Musashi was hitting by iv more torpedoes, three of which were forward of Turret No. 1, causing extensive flooding. The send was at present list one degree to starboard, and had taken on so much water that her bow was now down xiii feet (4.0 m) and her speed had been reduced to twenty knots (37 km/h; 23 mph). Ii hours later nine Helldivers from Enterprise attacked with 1,000-pound (450 kg) armour-piercing bombs, scoring iv hits. The transport was hit by three more than torpedoes, opening upwardly her starboard bow^[28] and reducing her speed to 13 knots (24 km/h; 15 mph). At 15:25, Musashi was attacked by 37 aircraft from Intrepid, the fleet carrier Franklin and the light carrier Cabot. The transport was hit by 13 bombs and 11 more than torpedoes during this set on for the loss of three Avengers and three Helldivers. Her speed was reduced to half dozen knots (11 km/h; 6.9 mph), her master steering engine was temporarily knocked out and her rudder was briefly jammed 15 degrees to port. Counterflooding reduced her list to six degrees to port from its previous maximum of ten degrees. Musashi had been struck past an estimated total of 19 torpedoes and 17 bombs.^{[11] [N 3]}

Kurita left Musashi to fend for herself at fifteen:30, and encountered her again at xvi:21 subsequently reversing course. The ship was headed northward, with a list of 10 degrees to port, down 26 feet (7.9 m) at the bow with her forecastle awash. He detailed a heavy cruiser and 2 destroyers to escort her while frantic efforts were made to correct her list, including flooding another engine room and some boiler rooms. Her engines stopped before she could be beached. At xix:15 her list reached 12 degrees and her crew was ordered to prepare to abandon send, which they did fifteen minutes later when the list reached 30 degrees. Musashi capsized at 19:36 and sank in 4,430 anxiety (1,350 m) at thirteen°07′N 122°32′E  /  13.117°N 122.533°E  / 13.117; 122.533 Coordinates: 13°07′N 122°32′East  /  13.117°North 122.533°E  / 13.117; 122.533 .^{[N iv]} Inoguchi chose to go down with his ship; ane,376 of her 2,399-man crew were rescued. About half of her survivors were evacuated to Japan, and the rest took part in the defence of the Philippines.^[11] The destroyer Shimakaze rescued 635 of Maya 'due south survivors from Musashi.^[31]

Wreck

Discovery

During the more than 70 years since its sinking, various attempts have been fabricated by shipwreck hunters to locate the wreck of the Japanese battleship but none of them succeeded. Musashi, like other Japanese warships, did non have its name on its sides, thereby making it more hard for defined and shipwreck hunters to find her. The research squad sponsored past Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen eventually found her after viii years of searching for the wreck, going through diverse historical records in different countries, and deploying the high-tech yacht Octopus and a remotely operated vehicle to aid them in their search. Allen announced in March 2015 that the team had indeed constitute Musashi under the Sibuyan Sea in the Philippines, some three,000 feet (910 g) beneath the surface.^{[32] [33]}

The ship had been known to have sunk in one piece but exploded but after it was underwater.^[34] Debris was scattered beyond the ocean flooring. The bow section from the number ane barbette forrard is upright while the stern is upside down. The forward superstructure and funnel is discrete from the rest of the ship and lies on its port side.^[35] In the live streaming video bout conducted by the expedition team, a mount for the seal of the Imperial Japanese Navy—a chrysanthemum made out of teak, long rotted away—can be seen amongst the debris. The video also showed damage made past U.S. torpedoes, including a warped bow and hits under the ship's main gun.^[35] Other items constitute in the area of the wreck, besides as other features found in it led maritime experts to claim with 90% certainty that the wreck was Musashi.

To further confirm that the wreck was indeed Musashi, Shigeru Nakajima, an electrical technician on Musashi who claimed that he had survived past jumping overboard later the gild to abandon ship, told the Associated Press that he was "certain" of the wreck'southward identification upon seeing its anchor and the imperial seal mountain. He also expressed his gratitude to the expedition team for having found the shipwreck.^[32]

Preservation and protection

The discovery of the wreck below the surface of the Sibuyan Ocean raised issues when the local government of Romblon (which has jurisdiction over the area where the wreck was constitute), though Governor Eduardo Firmalo stated that while he welcomed the discovery of the ship, the provincial government, and even the Philippine Declension Guard, were not aware that Allen and his team had an ongoing expedition in the area. In response to this, the Philippine Coast Guard besides stated that foreign-owned vessels need clearance from the Philippine Foreign Affairs Department, the Customs Agency, and the Immigration Bureau before they can enter Philippine waters.^[36]

Although the discovery of the shipwreck is very important to the Japanese people because of the presence of more than than 1,000 Japanese sailors' remains aboard the ship, the National Museum of the Philippines supported the Romblon Government by giving a argument—"Any farther activeness (pertaining to the shipwreck) shall exist governed by established rules and regulations." It pointed out that the wreck site of Musashi, as stated by the law, is considered an archaeological site under the Philippine territory'due south jurisdiction, and information technology is "at present giving priority to verifying the discovery, obtaining and sharing primal data, facilitating the protection and preservation of the site, and formulating appropriate next steps."^[36]

Footnotes

1. ^ Four ships were begun, simply simply two were completed as battleships. The third, Shinano, was completed every bit an aircraft carrier and the fourth was scrapped before completion.^[3]
2. ^ The amount of sisal rope necessary to complete the curtain was and then peachy that information technology caused a shortage in the fishing industry.^[19]
3. ^ The exact tally of hits is not precisely known; well-nigh Japanese sources report xi torpedo and 10 bomb hits,^[11] Garzke & Dulin report 20 torpedo and 17 bomb hits,^[29] and analysis by the US Naval Technical Mission to Nihon reports x torpedo and 16 flop hits.^[30]
4. ^ Jentschura, Jung & Michel give a dissimilar location of 12°50′Due north 122°35′Due east  /  12.833°Northward 122.583°E  / 12.833; 122.583 .^[4]

References

1. ^ Muir, Malcolm (October 1990). "Rearming in a Vacuum: United States Navy Intelligence and the Japanese Capital Ship Threat, 1936–1945". The Journal of Military machine History. 54 (4): 485. doi:ten.2307/1986067. JSTOR 1986067.
2. ^ Silverstone, p. 334
3. ^ Garzke & Dulin, pp. 74–80, 84
4. ^ ^{a b} Jentschura, Jung & Mickel, p. 39
5. ^ Garzke & Dulin, p. 45
6. ^ ^{a b c} Sturton, p. 178
7. ^ Skulski, p. 10
8. ^ ^{a b} Jentschura, Jung & Mickel, p. 38
9. ^ Garzke & Dulin, pp. 91–92
10. ^ Skulski, p. twenty
11. ^ ^{a b c d east f 1000 h i j m 50 grand n o p} Hackett & Kingsepp
12. ^ United states of america Naval Technical Mission to Japan. "Ship and Related Targets: Reports of Damage to Japanese Warships" (PDF). fischer-tropsch.org. United States Navy. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 Oct 2013. Retrieved 26 Dec 2016.
13. ^ Garzke & Dulin, pp. 100, 104, 122
14. ^ Skulski, pp. 25–26
15. ^ Skulski, pp. twenty–21
16. ^ Skulski, p. 21
17. ^ Garzke & Dulin, pp. 51, 53, 66
18. ^ Yoshimura, p. 29
19. ^ Garzke & Dulin, p. 51
20. ^ Yoshimura, pp. 83–85, 97, 109, 115–117
21. ^ Yoshimura, pp. 123–125
22. ^ Garzke & Dulin, p. 66
23. ^ ^{a b} Whitley, p. 216
24. ^ ^{a b} Stille, p. 42
25. ^ Padfield, p. 285
26. ^ Polmar & Genda, pp. 420–422
27. ^ Lacroix & Wells, pp. 346–347
28. ^ Padfield, pp. 286–287
29. ^ Garzke & Dulin, p. 18
30. ^ Holtzworth, p. 22
31. ^ Lacroix & Wells, p. 347
32. ^ ^{a b} Pruitt, Sarah (17 March 2015). "WWII's Largest Battleship Revealed Afterwards 70 Years Underwater". History.com. A&E Networks. Retrieved xx May 2015.
33. ^ Agence France-Presse (4 March 2015). "Usa Billionaire Paul Allen Discovers Wreck of Japan's Biggest Warship Musashi". The Guardian . Retrieved 4 March 2015.
34. ^ Yamaguchi, Mari (13 March 2015). "Japanese WWII Battleship Musashi Exploded Under Water, New Footage Suggests". StarTribune. Archived from the original on 16 March 2015. Retrieved 13 March 2015.
35. ^ ^{a b} Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: Allen, Paul G. (12 March 2015). "Musashi (武蔵) Expedition". Retrieved 13 March 2015.
36. ^ ^{a b} "Philippines Not Told of Battleship Musashi Search". ABS-CBN News and Current Affairs. Kyodo News. half-dozen March 2015. Retrieved 21 May 2015.

Sources

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• Hackett, Bob & Kingsepp, Sander (2012). "IJN Battleship Musashi: Tabular Record of Movement". Combinedfleet.com. Retrieved 17 April 2013.
• Holtzworth, E.C., Commander (Jan 1946). "Reports of the US Naval Technical Mission to Nihon: Ship and Related Targets – Article 2: Yamato (BB), Musashi (BB), Taiho (CV), Shinano (CV)" (PDF). United States Navy. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 October 2013. Retrieved 28 April 2013.
• Jentschura, Hansgeorg; Jung, Dieter & Mickel, Peter (1977). Warships of the Majestic Japanese Navy, 1869–1945. Annapolis, Maryland: Usa Naval Institute. ISBN0-87021-893-10.
• Lacroix, Eric & Wells, Linton (1997). Japanese Cruisers of the Pacific State of war. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Establish Press. ISBN0-87021-311-3.
• Padfield, Peter (2000). Battleship. Edinburgh: Birlinn. ISBNi-84158-080-5.
• Polmar, Norman & Genda, Minoru (2006). Aircraft Carriers: A History of Carrier Aviation and Its Influence on World Events. Vol. one, 1909–1945. Washington, D.C.: Potomac Books. ISBNi-57488-663-0.
• Silverstone, Paul H. (1984). Directory of the Globe'south Uppercase Ships. New York: Hippocrene Books. ISBN0-88254-979-0.
• Skulski, Janusz (1995) [1988]. The Battleship Yamato. Beefcake of the Ship. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN0-85177-490-iii.
• Stille, Marker (2008). Purple Japanese Navy Battleships 1941–45. New Vanguard. Vol. 146. Botley, UK: Osprey Publishing. ISBN978-1-84603-280-6.
• Sturton, Ian (1980). "Japan". In Chesneau, Roger (ed.). Conway's All the World'due south Fighting Ships 1922–1946. Greenwich, UK: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN0-85177-146-7.
• Thorne, Phil (March 2022). "Boxing of the Sibuyan Bounding main". Warship International. LIX (i): 34–65. ISSN 0043-0374.
• Whitley, M. J. (1998). Battleships of Earth War Two: An International Encyclopedia. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Printing. ISBNone-55750-184-X.
• Yoshimura, Akira (1999). Battleship Musashi: The Making and Sinking of the Earth'southward Greatest Battleship. Tokyo: Kodansha International. ISBN4-7700-2400-ii.

External links

• Media related to Japanese battleship Musashi at Wikimedia Eatables
• Maritimequest.com: Musashi photograph gallery
• WW2DB: Musashi

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_battleship_Musashi

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